During Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s recent confirmation hearing for the position of Health and Human Services secretary, some observers noted the strained quality of his voice. Kennedy has openly discussed his experience with spasmodic dysphonia, a neurological voice disorder, for many years. In past interviews, he's mentioned receiving the diagnosis in 1996 and has expressed his discomfort with the sound of his own voice, even stating in an interview with the Los Angeles Times that he "hates" it.
So, what exactly is spasmodic dysphonia? According to the Cleveland Clinic, it's a rare condition affecting the vocal cords, leading to strained, hoarse, or shaky speech. This can make it difficult for others to understand the affected individual, and words may be interrupted by vocal breaks. The disorder can also be a source of stress and anxiety. It originates in the brain, causing spasms in the voice box muscles, with no currently known trigger.
Caption: Robert F. Kennedy Jr. meets with Sen. John Cornyn on Capitol Hill. (Jon Cherry/Getty Images)
There are three primary types of spasmodic dysphonia. Adductor spasmodic dysphonia, the most common form, results in a strained, tight, and hoarse voice. Abductor spasmodic dysphonia, the second most prevalent, leads to a breathy voice or voice loss. Mixed spasmodic dysphonia, the rarest form, combines strained, tight, and breathy vocal qualities. The condition affects approximately 500,000 people in the U.S., with a higher prevalence among women. Symptoms typically appear in adulthood, between the ages of 30 and 60.
Caption: RFK Jr. has been open about his diagnosis of spasmodic dysphonia. (Associated Press)
While there's no cure for spasmodic dysphonia, several therapies can help manage the symptoms. Botox injections into the voice box muscles can help control the spasms. Kennedy himself has mentioned receiving these injections every few months. Voice therapy, guided by a speech-language or respiratory therapist, can involve specific vocal exercises to alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, surgical interventions may be considered to ease the vocal cord spasms.
Caption: Spasmodic dysphonia affects the muscles of the voice box. (iStock)
